An important tribal personality from the freedom movement was Rani Gaidinliu, who had given a call to the Nagas to unite against the British Raj. This brave Naga leader headed a revolt against the British. She also led the Zeliangrong Nagas in a demand for a homeland in the contiguous areas of Manipur, Nagaland and Assam.
She
was named as a ‘Rani’ by Jawaharlal Nehru who came to learn about her during
the freedom movement. We may also note that women rulers arose from among the
Jaintias in Meghalaya. And, of course, one cannot forget the Bhotia tribal women
of Kumaon who arose as a formidable force against the felling of trees. This
exemplary struggle for the protection of the environment—the Chipko Andolan
(embrace the trees)—against the timber contractors, will have a permanent place
in the annals of
Indian history. It was the tribal women
of Reni village in particular who became famous as they hugged the pine trees
to save them from the saws of the loggers.
Tribal Women Leaders who made a
Difference Sandhya Rani Chakma
She is a member of the TTAADC, the
Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Council, which came into existence on
12 December 1982 under the seventh schedule of the Indian Constitution. She has
been holding office in the Chakma Karamchhara (ST) constituency, for the third
consecutive term. She is one of the three women in a Council of 30, who got
elected to the Council, despite the fact that 10 women members had contested.
She is the only woman in the 9-member Executive Committee of the District
Council. Sandhya had been an active member of the students’ Federation of
India, the Students wing of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) since her
college days and also the Tripura Tribal Students’ Union. She had also been
active in the Party and her name had been proposed for the Council by Party
comrades. Sandhya feels that her political role has been significantly enhanced
through her participation in the Council. She is a strong protagonist for
women’s reservation and has demanded that the provision of 33 % reservation for
women should be implemented in the Councils, because without an institutional
mechanism, it is impossible to support women politically. She feels that it is
an irony that the non-tribal Panchayats have a provision for reservation of
one-third seats, while the same has not been extended to the Autonomous Areas
District Councils.
Damayanti
Barla is a social activist, journalist and defender of human rights, whose work
is centered in the State of Jharkhand. She has been leading anti-displacement
struggles and is a prominent leader in the NAPMT and the INSAFU. Few people know
that Damayanti has worked as a housemaid at a point in her life. She has also
had the experience of sleeping on railway stations. She had always tried to go to
school with whatever savings she had from her work. She joined post-graduation
and then went into the field of journalism. Damayanti became the first adivasi woman
to be a journalist. She has been waging a concerted battle against Arcel and
Mittal and her organization, The Adivasi Moolwasi Astitwa Raksha Manch has been
opposing corporate land grab. False cases have been filed against Damayanti and
she has been declared an absconder. But Damayanti says it is impossible to
compensate the Adivasis for their land because it is not just a means of income
for them; land is their prized heritage; it is there for the subsistence of the
future generations.
Glossary
Brahmanical- Of or pertaining to the Brahmins or their
doctrines or worship.
Swayamvara- (Sanskrit: स्वयंवर), in
ancient India, was a practice of choosing a husband, from among a number of
suitors, by a girl of marriageable age
The Jaunsari - are a tribal community found in Uttarakhand.
Patrilinear - relating to or based on relationship to the father or
descent through the male line:
Monogamous- the practice of marrying or state of being married to one
person at a time.
Menial - (of work) not requiring much skill and lacking prestige:
Discretion- the quality of behaving or speaking in such a way as to
avoid causing offence or revealing confidential information.
Neutrality -the state of not supporting or helping either side in a
conflict, disagreement, etc.; impartiality: Chador definition, the
traditional garment of Muslim and Hindu women, consisting of a long, usually
black or drab-colored cloth or veil that envelops the body.
Social activism- is an
intentional action with the goal of bringing about social change. If you feel
strongly about a cause and are working towards a change, you could be
considered an activist. An activist is anyone who is fighting for change in
society.
Democratic socialism- is a political ideology that advocates political
democracy alongside social ownership of the means of production, with
democratic management of enterprises within a socialist economic system.
Eviction- is the removal of a tenant from rental property by the
landlord
A disruptive- innovation is an innovation that creates a new market and
value network and eventually disrupts an existing market and value network,
displacing established market leaders and alliances. The term was defined and
phenomenon
analyzed by Clayton M. Christensen beginning in 1995.
Catapulted -hurl or launch (something) with or as if with a catapult.
Campaigning - work in an organized and active way towards a goal.
Stakeholders - can affect or be affected by the organization's actions,
objectives and policies. Some examples of key stakeholders are creditors,
directors, employees, government (and its agencies), owners (shareholders),
suppliers, unions, and the community from which the business draws its
resources.
Rehabilitation- is the act of restoring something to its original state,
like there habilitation of the forest that had once been cleared for use as an
amusement park. The noun rehabilitation comes from the Latin prefix re-, meaning
“again” and habitare, meaning “make fit.”
Compensation - something, typically money, awarded to someone in
recognition of loss, suffering, or injury.
Archaeology is the study of the ancient and recent human past through
material remains. It is a subfield of anthropology, the study of all human
culture.
Heritage- property that is or may be inherited; an inheritance.
Atrocities - an extremely wicked or cruel act, typically one involving
physical violence or injury.
Malnutrition or malnourishment -is a condition that results from eating
a diet in which nutrients are either not enough or are too much such that the
diet causes health problems.
Land acquisition- in India refers to the process by which the union or a
state government in India acquires private land for the purpose of industrialization,
development of infrastructural facilities or urbanization of the private land,
and provides compensation to the affected land owners and their rehabilitation.
Did
you know?
According
to Radcliffe-Brown, there are no known empirical societies where women
legitimately wield authority over men in the family and society.
Anthropologists now agree that there is no evidence to substantiate the claim
that any society has ever come under such control. In other words, as the
logical inverse of patriarchy, matriarchy is a ‘myth’ According to one source,
the term matriarchy was used in the
nineteenth century to designate
the hypothetical form of society in which women were the leaders and rulers.
○○ Science One Liner Gk
○ तरंग चलती हैं, तो वे अपने साथ ले जाती हैं
➖ऊर्जा
○ सर्य ग्रहण के समय सूर्य का कौन-सा भाग दिखाई देता
है?
➖किरीट
○ कपड़ों से जंग के धब्बे हटाने के लिये प्रयोग किया
➖ऑक्ज़ैलिक अम्ल
○ गन्ने में ‘लाल सड़न रोग’ किसके कारण उत्पन्न होता
है?
➖कवकों द्वारा
○ टलीविजन का आविष्कार किसने किया था?
➖ज. एल. बेयर्ड
○ किस प्रकार के ऊतक शरीर के सुरक्षा कवच का कार्य
करते हैं?
➖एपिथीलियम ऊतक
○ मनुष्य ने सर्वप्रथम किस जन्तु को अपना पालतू
बनाया?
➖कत्ता
○ किस वैज्ञानिक ने सर्वप्रथम बर्फ़ के दो टुकड़ों
को आपस में घिसकर पिघला दिया?
➖डवी
○ हीरा चमकदार क्यों दिखाई देता है?
➖सामूहिक आंतरिक परावर्तन के कारण
○ ‘गोबर गैस’ में मुख्य रूप से क्या पाया जाता है।
➖मिथेन
○ निम्न में से कौन-सा आहार मानव शरीर में नये ऊतकों
की वृद्धि के लिए पोषक तत्व प्रदान करता है?
➖पनीर
○ निम्न में से कौन एक उड़ने वाली छिपकली है?
➖डरेको
○ अगूर में कौन-सा अम्ल पाया जाता है?
➖टार्टरिक अम्ल
○ कसर सम्बन्धी रोगों का अध्ययन कहलाता है
➖oncology
○ घोंसला बनाने वाला एकमात्र साँप कौन-सा है?
➖किंग कोबरा
○ भारत में पायी जाने वाली सबसे बड़ी मछली कौन-सी है?
➖हवेल शार्क
○ दालें किसका एक अच्छा स्रोत होती हैं?
➖परोटीन
○ दशी घी में से सुगन्ध क्यों आती है?
➖डाइएसिटिल के कारण
○ इन्द्रधनुष में किस रंग का विक्षेपण अधिक होता है?
➖लाल रंग
○ सर्य की किरण में कितने रंग होते हैं?
➖7
○ ‘टाइपराइटर’ (टंकण मशीन) के आविष्कारक कौन हैं?
➖शोल्स
○ सिरका को लैटिन भाषा में क्या कहा जाता है।
➖ऐसीटम
○ दध की शुद्धता का मापन किस यन्त्र से किया जाता है?
➖लक्टोमीटर
○ पथ्वी पर सबसे अधिक मात्रा में पाया जाने वाला
धातु तत्त्व कौन-सा है?
➖ऐलुमिनियम
○ मोती मुख्य रूप से किस पदार्थ का बना होता है?
➖कल्सियम कार्बोनेट
○ मानव शरीर में सबसे अधिक मात्रा में कौन-सा तत्व
पाया जाता है?
➖ऑक्सीजन
○ आम का वानस्पतिक नाम क्या है?
➖मगीफ़ेरा इण्डिका
○ कॉफी पाउडर के साथ मिलाया जाने वाला ‘चिकोरी
चूर्ण’ प्राप्त होता है
➖जड़ों से
○ ‘विटामिन-सी’ का सबसे अच्छा स्त्रोत क्या है?
➖आवला
○ सबसे अधिक तीव्रता की ध्वनि कौन उत्पन्न करता है?
➖बाघ
○ मानव शरीर में सबसे लम्बी कोशिका कौन-सी होती है?
➖तत्रिका कोशिका
○ दाँत मुख्य रूप से किस पदार्थ के बने होते हैं?
➖डटाइन के
○ किस जंतु की आकृति पैर की चप्पल के समान होती है?
➖परामीशियम
○ निम्न में से किस पदार्थ में प्रोटीन नहीं पाया
जाता है?
➖चावल
○ मानव का मस्तिष्क लगभग कितने ग्राम का होता है?
➖1350
○ रक्त में पायी जाने वाली धातु है
➖लोहा
○ मांसपेशियों में किस अम्ल के एकत्रित होने से
थकावट आती है?
➖लक्टिक अम्ल
○ किण्वन का उदाहरण है
➖दध का खट्टा होना,खाने की ब्रेड का बनना,गीले आटे का खट्टा
होना
○ कचुए की कितनी आँखें होती हैं?
➖एक भी नहीं
○ गाजर किस विटामिन का समृद्ध स्रोत है?
➖विटामिन A
