Causes of Unemployment in India

In this post, you will learn about the causes of unemployment in India. It is clear that the joblessness state is uninviting truly. It has, consequently, to be taken care of suitable measures and on a crucial basis. Though, beforehand we had discuss the ways and means of eliminating joblessness, it is essential that we comprehend the reasons that given rise to it. The major causes which have been accountable for the wide blow-out of unemployment can be spelt out as under:



1. Rapid Population Growth: It is the primary cause of unemployment in Rural India. In India, the most part in rural areas, the population is growing quickly. It has undesirably affected the unemployment condition largely in two ways. In the first place, the progress of population directly stimulated the unemployment by making big addition to labour force. It is because the degree of job development could at no time have been as high as population growth would have required.

It is true that the collective labour force involves the creation of original job chances at an increasing rate. But in real practice employment development has not been adequate to match the progress of the labour force, and to decrease the back leg of unemployment. This leads to unemployment circumstances secondly; the rapid population growth indirectly affected the unemployment condition by dropping the resources for capital formation. Any rise in population, over a large total base as in India, suggests a large absolute number.

It means large extra spending on their education, upkeep, and training. As a result, more resources get used up in private consumption such as food, clothing, shelter and son on in public consumption like drinking water, electricity medical and educational facilities. This has condensed the chances of relaxing a larger amount of incomes to saving and investment. Therefore, population development has produced problems in the way of first progress of the economy and retarded the growth of job opportunities.

2. Limited Land: Land is the gift of nature. It is always constant and cannot increase as population increases. Subsequently, Indian population growing fast, consequently, the land is not enough for the growing population. As an outcome, there is substantial stress on the land. In countryside areas, most of the people rely directly on land for their livelihood. Land is very restricted in comparison to population. It makes the unemployment condition for a large number of persons who depend on agriculture in rural areas.

3. Seasonal Agriculture: In Rural Society agriculture is the only sources of employment. Still, most of the rural people are promised directly as well as circuitously in agricultural operation. But, agriculture in India is principally a seasonal affair. It delivers employment amenities to the rural people only in a specific period of the year.

Example: During the sowing and harvesting period, people are fully employed and the period between the post-harvest and before the next sowing they remain unemployed. It has adversely affected their standard of living.

4. Fragmentation of land: In India, due to the heavy stress on land of huge population results the disintegration of land. It creates a great obstacle in the part of agriculture. As land is fragmented and agricultural work is delayed the people who depend on agriculture remain jobless. This has an opposing effect on the work situation. It also leads to the poverty of villagers.

5. Backward Method of Agriculture: You must understand that the technique of agriculture in India is very diffident. Till now, the rural farmers followed the old farming systems. As a consequence, the farmer cannot feed appropriately many people by the harvest of his farm and he is incapable to give his children proper education or to involve them in any profession. It leads to unemployment problem.

6. Decline of Cottage Industries: You must understand that in Rural India, village or cottage industries are the only means of employment specifically of the evicted people. They depend directly on numerous cottage industries for their livelihood. But, now-a-days, these are unfavourably affected by the industrial development process. In fact, it is found that they cannot participate with modern factories in matter or production. As a result of which the village industries agonise a severe loss and gradually closing down. Due to this, the people who work in there continue to be unemployed and incapable to maintain their livelihood.

7. Defective Education: The everyday education is very substandard and is established within the class room only. Its main purpose is to obtain certificate only. The current educational system is not concerned with job, it is degree oriented. It is imperfect on the ground that is more common than the vocational. Therefore, the people who have receiving overall education are incapable to do any work. They are to be named as decent for nothing in the ground that they cannot have any job here; they can find the ways of self-employment. It leads to unemployment as well as underemployment.

8. Lack of Transport and Communication: In India mostly in rural areas, there are no satisfactory amenities of transport and communication. Due to this, the village people who are not involved in agricultural work are continued unemployed. It is because they are incapable to start any business for their source of revenue and they are restricted only within the limited boundary of the village. It is noted that the modern means of transport and communication are the only way to trade and commerce. Since there is lack of transport and communication in rural areas, therefore, it leads to unemployment problem among the villagers.

9. Inadequate Employment Planning: The employment arrangement of the government is not satisfactory in assessment to population growth. In India nearly two lakh people are added yearly to our existing population. But the employment prospects did not increase according to the proportionate rate of population growth. As a result, a great alteration is noticeable between the job occasions and population growth.

On the other hand, it is a very problematic task on the part of the Government to deliver acceptable job services to all the people. Moreover, the government also does not take tolerable step in this direction. The faulty service planning of the Government advances this problem to a great extent. As a result, the problem of unemployment is increasing every day.

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